Abstract
Many tall halls of big space volume were built and, to be built in many construction projects in the Far East, particularly Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Smoke is identified to be the key hazard to handle. Consequently, smoke exhaust systems are specified in the fire code in those areas. An update on applying Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in smoke exhaust design will be presented in this paper. Key points to note in CFD simulations on smoke filling due to a fire in a big hall will be discussed. Mathematical aspects concerning of discretization of partial differential equations and algorithms for solving the velocity‐pressure linked equations are briefly outlined. Results predicted by CFD with different free boundary conditions are compared with those on room fire tests. Standards on grid size, relaxation factors, convergence criteria, and false diffusion should be set up for numerical experiments with CFD.
Highlights
Many fire models have been developed for studying preflashover fire and reported in the literature [1,2,3]
Some available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) fire codes do not go through cautious tests of verification and validation (V&V), their work can only be regarded as just a demonstration that some special fire scenarios are probably simulated
A scaling system can be set up based on the values of norm and cosine on key flow variables to denote how good the CFD predicted results agree with experiment
Summary
Many fire models have been developed for studying preflashover fire and reported in the literature [1,2,3]. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) or known as field models [4, 5], originally developed for fire simulations, are widely applied in smoke management system design. The data reported by Steckler et al [34] was performed originally for studying the doorway flow, but always used for verifying field models because of having many data at different positions. Such limited studies did not give any promising results on CFD predictions as indicated by the VVT-FDS [35] study. An updated review on applying CFD in designing smoke exhaust system is presented in the paper
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