Simulating Markovian quantum decoherence processes through an all-optical setup

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We investigate through both theory and experiment quantum decoherence processes. By considering a qubit under the effect of Markovian channels, we analytically obtain expressions for the $$l_1$$-norm of coherence and for the corresponding maximal coherence measure in terms of the initial state and decoherence parameters. In particular, we examine under which conditions such quantum coherence quantifiers exhibit the eternal freezing phenomenon, and we find that this property is more common in maximal quantum coherence compared to quantum coherence. We implement an all-optical setup with an intense laser to perform the experimental simulation of the quantum channels, where the qubit was encoded in polarization degree of freedom and the environment was encoded in the propagation path.