Abstract
Anisotropic quantum Rabi model is a generalization of quantum Rabi model, which allows its rotating and counter-rotating terms to have two different coupling constants. It provides us with a fundamental model to understand various physical features concerning quantum optics, solid-state physics, and mesoscopic physics. In this paper, we propose an experimental feasible scheme to implement anisotropic quantum Rabi model in a circuit quantum electrodynamics system via periodic frequency modulation. An effective Hamiltonian describing the tunable anisotropic quantum Rabi model can be derived from a qubit-resonator coupling system modulated by two periodic driving fields. All effective parameters of the simulated system can be adjusted by tuning the initial phases, the frequencies and the amplitudes of the driving fields. We show that the periodic driving is able to drive a coupled system in dispersive regime to ultrastrong coupling regime, and even deep-strong coupling regime. The derived effective Hamiltonian allows us to obtain pure rotating term and counter-rotating term. Numerical simulation shows that such effective Hamiltonian is valid in ultrastrong coupling regime, and stronger coupling regime. Moreover, our scheme can be generalized to the multi-qubit case. We also give some applications of the simulated system to the Schrödinger cat states and quantum gate generalization. The presented proposal will pave a way to further study the stronger anisotropic Rabi model whose coupling strength is far away from ultrastrong coupling and deep-strong coupling regimes in quantum optics.
Highlights
The quantum Rabi model (QRM)[1,2,3] is a fundamental model to describe the light-matter interaction, which has been at the heart of important discoveries of fundamental effects of quantum optics
We propose an effective method to simulate a tunable anisotropic quantum Rabi model (AQRM) with a qubit coupled to a resonator in dispersive regime, and the transition frequency of the qubit is modulated by two periodic driving fields
Our proposal to implement the AQRM has three features: (i) The effective Hamiltonian is controllable, and all the parameters can be tuned by controlling the external driving fields. (ii) We can drive the system from weak-coupling regime to ultra-strong coupling (USC) regime and even deep-strong coupling (DSC) regime by tuning the frequencies and amplitudes of the driving fields. (iii) The ratio of coupling constants of RT and counter-rotating term (CRT) can be controlled in a wide range of parameter space, which makes it possible to study the transitions from JC regime to anti-JC regime
Summary
Anisotropic quantum Rabi model is a generalization of quantum Rabi model, which allows its rotating and counter-rotating terms to have two different coupling constants. An effective Hamiltonian describing the tunable anisotropic quantum Rabi model can be derived from a qubit-resonator coupling system modulated by two periodic driving fields. We propose an effective method to simulate a tunable AQRM with a qubit coupled to a resonator in dispersive regime, and the transition frequency of the qubit is modulated by two periodic driving fields. Our proposal to implement the AQRM has three features: (i) The effective Hamiltonian is controllable, and all the parameters can be tuned by controlling the external driving fields. (ii) We can drive the system from weak-coupling regime to USC regime and even DSC regime by tuning the frequencies and amplitudes of the driving fields. (iii) The ratio of coupling constants of RT and CRT can be controlled in a wide range of parameter space, which makes it possible to study the transitions from JC regime to anti-JC regime
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