Abstract
A simple approach is formulated to predict the elastic, kinematic pile bending during harmonic or transient excitation for a circular pile (rather than a simplified thin strip). The kinematic response of a pile embedded in two-layer soil is resolved in the frequency domain caused by the upward propagation of shear waves from the underlying bedrock. The simplified approach is generally valid to nonhomogeneous soil profiles, in light of the good comparison with the dynamic FE method and BDWF solution. It employs the soil-displacement-influence coefficientsIsto consider the pile-soil interaction (resembling the spring constantkxin the BDWF) and provides conservative estimations of maximum kinematic bending moments at the soil-layer interface (with a sharper stiffness contrast). The accuracy of the approach may be improved by incorporating the interaction of soil into the soil-displacement-influence coefficientsIsfor such cases withVb/Va<3.
Highlights
Kinematic response is one of the key issues in seismic design of pile foundations [1,2,3,4], as the dynamic response of the pile structure largely differs from the response at the free field soil caused by seismic wave
The kinematic response in the pile-soil system has been analyzed by considering the effect of the passive pile using rigorous mechanical solutions [17, 18], numerical methods [19,20,21,22,23,24,25], and some simplified models [2, 3, 26,27,28,29,30]
Kinematic bending moments at the pile head and the interface of soil layers are nearly proportional to the diameters
Summary
Kinematic response is one of the key issues in seismic design of pile foundations [1,2,3,4], as the dynamic response of the pile structure largely differs from the response at the free field soil caused by seismic wave. The existing earthquake investigations [6, 7] and experimental studies [8] demonstrate that at the interface of two-layer soils with a sharp stiffness contrast [2, 3, 9, 10], or at a pile-head with fixed constraints [11, 12], large kinematic bending moments may be induced to inflict damage to the pile This problem has attracted the attention researchers [13,14,15] and is highlighted in some advanced seismic codes [16]. The study sheds new light on the kinematic bending moment at the interface of two-layer soil and at the pile head and may facilitate the use of the simplified boundary element method to predict the kinematic seismic response of a single pile
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