Abstract
A model-based approach to control the automation of hydraulic excavators and rockbreakers necessitates an adequate dynamic model to increase the robustness of the controller and improve its performance (e.g., reduce tracking error). Most previous efforts in developing dynamic models for excavators have assumed planar motion while neglecting the dynamic effects of hydraulically driven prismatic actuators. In this paper, a dynamic model of the mechanical subsystem of a hydraulic rockbreaker is developed using the Euler–Lagrange formulation. The model considers the contributions of the hydraulic actuators and does not assume planar motion. Potential simplifications to the dynamic model are then introduced to facilitate the model’s parameterization for developing an adaptive control algorithm. To evaluate their level of accuracy, these simplified dynamic models are then evaluated based on the required joint torques for specified trajectories. It is shown that the proposed simplifications reduce the complexity of the dynamic model while preserving its accuracy, which is attractive for real-time control applications.
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