Simplest classification of types of dielectric responses, conductivity, and noises: Fractal generalizations

Abstract

A unified classification (considered within the Langevin phenomenology) is proposed on the basis of comparing the spectral features of complex permittivity ɛ*, specific conductivity σ*, and noises. This classification is generalized to fractal systems, and a description of flicker noise is proposed. The experimental data on flicker noise in the dipole glass phase of lead zirconate titanate with sodium and bismuth impurities (PZTNB-1) in piezoelectric ceramics are reported.