Simple chemical synthesis of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles for biological protection

Abstract

In this study, Nanoparticle synthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) in (PVP) polyvinylpyrrolidone as a dispersing agent with a simple chemical reaction used for the antimicrobial activity. Various concentrations of metal oxide with PVP synthesis as (0.02, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.4) M. The result of the x-ray diffraction indicated the presence of pure-phase ZnO and CuO with hexagonal and monoclinical structures with average crystal sizes(20.18), (32.89), (43.42) and (49.51) while the values (13.56), (23.94), (25.60) and (26.92) nm for ZnO and CuO respectively. Transmission electron microscopy analysis has shown that the average grain size of these nanoparticles increased with increasing concentrations (40-80) for ZnO and (35-50) nm for CuO. Energy dispersive analysis of x-rays clearly confirmed the presence of Zn, Cu, and O at a 1:1 atomic ratio while the particle sizes obtain from Atomic force microscopy (AFM) were (31.63-84.80) for ZnO, (32.34-60.23) nm for CuO with [0.02- 0.4] M ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in suspension showed activity against a range of bacterial pathogens as (Staph. Aurous, Staph. Epidermidis), gram-negative bacteria as (E. coli, Klebsiella spp.) and fungi (such as Candida albicans) with different concentrations, as comparing The extent of the inhibition zones between two oxides found to be concentration-dependent, These have been observed that ZnO nanoparticles have an extremely good bactericidal potential the Inhibition Zone demonstrates 30 mm in dishes with 0.4 M for Staphylococcus epidermidis as a positive gram. Although CuO nanoparticles have less bactericidal capacity in the Inhibition Region relative to ZnO and the maximum potential CuO has been shown to be positive gram in 25 mm with 0.4 M for Staphylococcus aurus.