Signs of reproductive qualities of sows of different types of adaptation, their variability and correlation

Abstract

The results of studies of life expectancy and breeding use, as well as the main indicators of reproductive qualities of sows of large white breed of different types of adaptation, the economic efficiency of the research results and the level of correlation between traits are calculated cost-effectiveness of research results and the level of correlation between traits. The research was conducted in the conditions of agro-formations of Dnipropetrovsk region (LTD “Agro-Elita”, SLTD “Druzhba-Kaznacheevka”). The object of the study was sows of large white breed. Evaluation of sows of experimental groups (I – superadaptive, II – mediumadaptive, III – minusadaptive type of adaptation) according to the indicators of the level of adaptation and the main indicators of reproductive qualities were carried out taking into account the successor of quantitative traits: life expectancy, months, duration of breeding use, months, farrowing received, piglets total, head; live pigs obtained, naked; multiplicity, head; weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28–35 days, kg; duration of intergrowth, days. The adaptation level index and the coefficient of productivity were calculated according to the method of Smirnov V. S. (2003) and Long T. E., Short T. H., Bates R. O (2003) respectively. The economic efficiency of the research results was calculated by according to the indicator “mass of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28–35 days, kg”. Analysis of the research results shows that sows of superadaptive type will outperform peers of the opposite class (minusadaptive type) in terms of adaptation level and reproductive capacity by 58.36 and 43.63 % respectively. The proportion of indicator “duration of breeding use, months” to the indicator “life expectancy, months” in animals of superadaptive type is 81.8 ± 0.76 %, minusadaptive – 54.1 ± 2.67 % (lim = 27.7 %; td = 10.00; P < 0.001). An integrated assessment of sow reproductive performance by the performance factor confirms the superiority of sows of the superadaptive type to this group of animal traits of other adaptation types. The paired correlation coefficients between adaptation level indices and reproductive traits in sows of different types of adaptation range from -0.815 (tr = 6.45; adaptation level index × obtained farrowing) to +0.995 (tr = 45.05; life expectancy × duration of tribal use). In order to accelerate the breeding process and create a high-yielding herd of pigs, we suggest that the leading group of sows select animals with an index of “adaptation level” of 6.55–8.90 points.