Significance of body acceleration and gold nanoparticles through blood flow in an uneven/composite inclined stenosis artery: A finite difference computation

Abstract

Stenosis is a tiny plaque-like structure that builds up in the arterial wall owing to the sediment of cholesterol, fats, and pearly substances. Such inward proliferation in arteries significantly inhibits blood flow, which leads to a lack of nutrients and oxygen in the organs. Therefore, exploring the transport characteristics of blood fluid flow in stenosis arteries plays a prominent role in enhancing blood transportation. As a result, the present mathematical model is devoted to scrutinizing the flow of Sutterby gold blood nanofluid in two distinct stenosis arteries with periodic body acceleration. It is observed that the Sutterby rheology model is treated as blood, and the single-phase model is used for exposing the nanofluid behaviour. Dimensional non-linear PDEs of the current model are reduced to the set of dimensionless PDEs with the help of non-similar variables. A finite-difference approach is manipulated to compute the dimensionless PDEs. The physical features of governing flow parameters on the Sutterby nanofluid velocity, temperature, resistance impedance, flow rate, and wall shear stress are exposed through graphs. It is found that the composite stenosis has a lower wall shear stress than the irregular stenosis. Sutterby blood nanofluid velocity is elevated with the rising of nanoparticle volume fraction. When employing a gold nanofluid containing 5% volume fraction, the temperature in the irregular artery rises by 26.004% compared to the base fluid (blood). Similarly, in the composite artery, utilizing the same 5% volume fraction of the gold nanofluid leads to a temperature increase of 32.6207%. The blood flow pattern exhibits a 0.2340% higher in the irregular artery as compared to the composite artery.