Abstract
Higher plants have evolved intimate, complex, subtle, and relatively constant relationships with a suite of microbes, the phytomicrobiome. Over the last few decades we have learned that plants and microbes can use molecular signals to communicate. This is well-established for the legume-rhizobia nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, and reasonably elucidated for mycorrhizal associations. Bacteria within the phytomircobiome communicate among themselves through quorum sensing and other mechanisms. Plants also detect materials produced by potential pathogens and activate pathogen-response systems. This intercommunication dictates aspects of plant development, architecture, and productivity. Understanding this signaling via biochemical, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomic studies has added valuable knowledge regarding development of effective, low-cost, eco-friendly crop inputs that reduce fossil fuel intense inputs. This knowledge underpins phytomicrobiome engineering: manipulating the beneficial consortia that manufacture signals/products that improve the ability of the plant-phytomicrobiome community to deal with various soil and climatic conditions, leading to enhanced overall crop plant productivity.
Highlights
Most energy in the terrestrial biosphere enters it through photosynthesis (Imhoff et al, 2004) carried out by plant leaves (Luo et al, 2006)
There has been an upsurge in phytomicrobiome publications; this community of microbes is seen as key to the growth and health of plants (Schmidt et al, 2014); there is still a great deal to be learned about the composition and nature of interactions among members of this community, and its interactions with the host plant
Application of a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) consortium (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens IN937a, Bacillus pumilus T4, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus intraradices) to greenhouse tomato resulted in full yield with 30% less fertilizer (Adesemoye et al, 2009)
Summary
Plants detect materials produced by potential pathogens and activate pathogen-response systems This intercommunication dictates aspects of plant development, architecture, and productivity. Understanding this signaling via biochemical, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomic studies has added valuable knowledge regarding development of effective, low-cost, eco-friendly crop inputs that reduce fossil fuel intense inputs. This knowledge underpins phytomicrobiome engineering: manipulating the beneficial consortia that manufacture signals/products that improve the ability of the plant-phytomicrobiome community to deal with various soil and climatic conditions, leading to enhanced overall crop plant productivity
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