Abstract
This study aims to examine the physical and mechanical properties of cement boards from sawing waste based on raw material composition and particle size, as well to get the best sawing waste particle size and raw material composition according to JIS A5417-1992 standard. The research was carried out at the Wood Workshop Laboratory, Wood Technology Laboratory, Wood Processing Laboratory and PT Duta Pertiwi Nusantara Pontianak. This study uses a completely randomized factorial design (CRD) with two factors, namely factor A (Particle Size) and factor B (composition of cement). The results showed the average value of density ranged from 0.6878 to 0.8094 gr / cm3, moisture content value ranged from 6.7057 to 10.0246%, thickess swelling value ranged from 0.3996 to 0.8773%, water absorption value ranged from 27.8949 - 49.0375%, MOE ranged from 412.6563-1411.7847 kg / cm2 and MOR value ranged from 2.1529-4.5909 kg / cm2. The particle size that affects the physical properties is the value of water absorption, while the composition of the material that affects the physical properties is the density, water content, thickness development and water absorption capacity. The particle size and composition of the material which influence the mechanical properties, namely the value of the flexural firmness and fracture firmness. Based on the results of cement board testing with particle composition and cement (1:2) with particle size passing 10 mesh restrained 20 mesh yields the best physical properties of cement board that meet the standards of JIS A 5417: 1992, while none of the cement boards MOE and MOR meet the testing standards mechanical properties according to JIS A 5417: 1992.Keywords: Cement board, composition of cement, particle size, sawing waste
Highlights
PENDAHULUAN Di Indonesia ada tiga macam industri kayu yang secara dominan mengkonsumsi kayu dalam jumlah relatif besar yaitu penggergajian, vinir dan pulp
This study aims to examine the physical and mechanical properties of cement boards from sawing waste based on raw material composition and particle size, as well to get the best sawing waste particle size and raw material composition according to JIS A5417-1992 standard
The results showed the average value of density ranged from 0.6878 to 0.8094 gr / cm3, moisture content value ranged from 6.7057 to 10.0246%, thickess swelling value ranged from 0.3996 to 0.8773%, water absorption value ranged from 27.8949 - 49.0375%, Modulus of Elastisity (MOE) ranged from 412.6563-1411.7847 kg / cm2 and MOR value ranged from 2.1529-4.5909 kg / cm2
Summary
Oleh karena itu pemanfaatan serbuk gergaji merupakan salah satu limbah hasil industri yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku untuk pembuatan papan mineral (papan semenserbuk gergaji) perlu dilakukan. Bakri et al (2006) mengatakan limbah industri penggergajian merupakan bagian dari kayu yang diperoleh dari hasil proses penggergajian yang bentuk, ukuran dan cacat yang tidak dapat digunakan lagi untuk sortimen kayu gergajian. Menurut Dirhamsyah (2011), hasil penelitian tentang sifat papan semen partikel kayu karet dengan ukuran lolos saringan 6 mesh tertahan 8 mesh (partikel halus) menghasilkan sifat fisik dan mekanik yang terbaik dan semakin tinggi kadar semen yang digunakan maka nilai. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut maka perlu dilakukan penelitian membuat papan semen dengan memanfaatkan limbah penggergajian dengan ukuran partikel lolos 10 mesh tertahan 20 mesh dan lolos 20 mesh tertahan 40 mesh, sedangkan perbandingan komposisi yang digunakan antara partikel dan semen adalah 1:1, 1:1,5 dan 1:2. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi bahan baku alternatif pemanfaatan limbah penggergajian sebagai produk papan semen
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