Short-term traffic flow prediction based on 1DCNN-LSTM neural network structure

Abstract

In the past decade, the number of cars in China has significantly raised, but the traffic jam spree problem has brought great inconvenience to people’s travel. Accurate and efficient traffic flow prediction, as the core of Intelligent Traffic System (ITS), can effectively solve the problems of traffic travel and management. The existing short-term traffic flow prediction researches mainly use the shallow model method, so they cannot fully reflect the traffic flow characteristics. Therefore, this paper proposed a short-term traffic flow prediction method based on one-dimensional convolution neural network and long short-term memory (1DCNN-LSTM). The spatial information in traffic data is obtained by 1DCNN, and then the time information in traffic data is obtained by LSTM. After that, the space-time features of the traffic flow are used as regression predictions, which are input into the Fully-Connected Layer. In the end, the corresponding prediction results of the current input are calculated. In the past, most of the researches are based on survey data or virtual data, lacking authenticity. In this paper, real data will be used for research. The data are provided by OpenITS open data platform. Finally, the proposed method is compared with other road forecasting models. The results show that the structure of 1DCNN-LSTM can further improve the prediction accuracy.