Abstract
Nutritional manipulations in the neonatal period are associated with the development of negative or positive health outcomes later in life. Excessive fructose consumption has been attributed to the increase in the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the development of oxidative stress. Oleanolic acid (OA) has anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. We investigated the protective potential of orally administering OA in the neonatal period, to prevent fructose-induced oxidative stress, adverse health outcomes and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in suckling rats. Seven-day old Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 30) were gavaged daily with 10 mL/kg of: distilled water (DW), oleanolic acid (OA; 60 mg/kg), high fructose solution (HF; 20% w/v), or OAHF for 7 days. On day 14, tissue samples were collected to determine clinical health profiles, hepatic lipid content, and activity of anti-oxidant enzymes. Furthermore, biomarkers of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant capacity in the skeletal muscles were assessed. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphometry was measured. Rats in all groups grew over the 7-day treatment period. There were no significant differences in the terminal body masses, GIT morphometry, surrogate markers of general health, liver lipid content across all treatment groups (p < 0.05). Neonatal fructose administration decreased the activity of catalase, depleted GSH and increased lipid peroxidation. However, the level of GSH and catalase activity were improved by neonatal OA treatment. Short-term oral OA administration during the critical developmental period protects against fructose-induced oxidative stress without adverse effects on health outcomes associated with MetS or precocious development of the GIT in suckling male and female rats.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent, multifactorial and complex disease that is associated with a marked increase in the risk to develop metabolic disorders and major cardiovascular consequences [1,2].According to the global survey data on 195 countries, there are over 600 million obese adults and 100 million obese children [3]
There were no significant differences in rat pups all treatmentperiod groups exhibited significant increase (p < 0.05; Figure 1a) in body massand over terminal the seven day treatment period (PD7all to PD14)
The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay was performed using the method described by Benzie and Strain [92]
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent, multifactorial and complex disease that is associated with a marked increase in the risk to develop metabolic disorders and major cardiovascular consequences [1,2].According to the global survey data on 195 countries, there are over 600 million obese adults and 100 million obese children [3]. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent, multifactorial and complex disease that is associated with a marked increase in the risk to develop metabolic disorders and major cardiovascular consequences [1,2]. The rise in the global prevalence of MetS has been attributed to the adoption of sedentary lifestyles that are characterised by low physical activity or exercise and the consumption of high-energy diets, especially those that contain fructose [4,5]. The excessive consumption of fructose causes the development of several negative health outcomes associated with metabolic dysfunction such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia [6,7]. The overproduction of ROS by adipocytes contributes to the development of metabolic disorders by decreasing the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes [11]. A result of the inability of the anti-oxidant cellular defense mechanisms to reduce ROS, causes dysregulation of adipocytokines, increases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative damage by altering mitochondrial bioenergetics [12,13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
