Abstract
Along with the explosion of new energy sources, DC microgrid has obvious advantages as well as better development paths, but reliable fault detection is still one of the key issues to be solved for DC microgrid. The fault current characteristics are analyzed by a fault RLC equivalent circuit, and the characteristics at different fault location points are further analyzed on the independent DC microgrid model composed of a PV generation unit, an energy storage unit, and a load unit. A fault detection method based on the improved current change rate is proposed by combining the current abrupt change direction. A DC microgrid model with a bus voltage of 400 V is built and simulated in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the proposed method can detect and isolate bus and unit short-circuit faults in less than 2 ms, ensuring the proper operation of the whole system, which has a certain reference significance for fault protection of low-voltage DC microgrids at independent operation sites.
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