Abstract
In modern power networks, DC microgrid is a promising technology because it facilitates the easy interface of renewable sources, energy storage systems, and electric loads. However, the protection schemes used in conventional AC distribution are not viable for DC systems, since, the DC distribution system needs much faster fault detection compared with conventional AC grid. Therefore, in this paper, an impedance relay is proposed for detection and location identification of faults in a Low Voltage DC (LVDC) microgrid. The proposed scheme uses a parallel combination of inductance and capacitance that is connected in series with each cable for inserting a high-frequency component in the fault current. The impedance relay placed on the distribution cable measures the impedance value at this inserted high frequency. Depending on the measured value of impedance, fault location is estimated and the discrimination between external and internal faults can be carried out. The modeling of the aforementioned Low voltage DC microgrid is performed in PSCAD/EMTDC environment. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is able to detect and locate the faults accurately and rapidly in comparison to the other existing schemes.
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