Short-Circuit Current Contribution of Doubly-Fed Wind Turbines According to IEC and IEEE Standards

Abstract

The calculation of short-circuit currents is critical for the design of protection systems and electrical equipment rating. The short-circuit current contribution of traditional synchronous generators, which depends on common machine parameters, has been validated in recent decades. In this sense, the increasing penetration of wind power generation in current power systems means that network operators need to evaluate the response of wind turbines when a fault occurs. The recent publication of Edition 2 of IEC 60909-0 in 2016 defined a formulation to represent the short-circuit contribution for modern wind turbines, such as doubly-fed and full-converter technologies. Nevertheless, both the IEC and the ANSI/IEEE guidelines are based on new parameters that must be provided by the wind turbine manufacturer. This paper develops a methodology to calculate the parameters that define the short-circuit contribution of doubly-fed wind turbines for both international guidelines, IEC 60909-0 Ed. 2 and ANSI/IEEE. Field measurements and simulations are used for the validation of the developed method. Furthermore, some of the shortcomings of the IEC short-circuit calculation method are identified and alternative approaches are proposed and evaluated.