Abstract
An equation of state of the form F( p, ρ, ε) suitable for the description of flow problems in biological materials is examined using two approaches. First, the effects of irreversible heating of water by shock compression on the elevated pressure and internal energy are discussed using thermodynamic theory. It is revealed that pressure increases due to entropy production contribute almost nothing to the pressure–volume equation of state, although irreversible internal energy itself contribues appreciably to the total internal energy. Shock Hugoniot data for water and biological materials measured at pressures below 1 GPa suggest that the form of the equation of state in terms of pressure and volume can safely be approximated as an isentrope, especially a so-called Tait-type equation of state. To describe shock-induced flows in liquids, parameters in the Tait equation are determined from the available Hugoniot data. Hydrodynamics of shock pressure pulse evolution in water induced by pulse laser energy have been developed. An approximate but adequate description of the process can be obtained with the sound velocity function derived from the Tait-type equation of state for water and biological materials.
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