Abstract
The present work was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of seed presoaking in shikimic acid (0.4 mM), salicylic acid (0.7 mM) or their combination on faba bean plants (Vicia faba L.) variety Giza 429 as alternatives to fungicide Ridomil MZ to increase faba bean resistance against chocolate spot disease. Concerning the growth, the obtained results showed that infection with B. fabae caused noticeable reduction in root and shoot growth vigor (fresh & dry biomasses, length, density, distribution, shoot diameter, R/S ratio, leaf area and number of nodes). On the other hand, exogenous application of shikimic acid, salicylic acid or their interactiom could counteract the adverse effects of B. fabae by improvement growth vigor of root and shoot as well as leaf area. Chocolate spot disease caused marked decreases in all yield components of faba bean plants, total carbohydrates, total nitrogen, total protein and nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) contents of yielded seeds. On the other hand, seed presoaking in phenolic compounds improve the yield components and its biochemical aspects more than the fungicide. It appeared that seed yield was positively correlated with all growth parameters as well as yield attributes and biochemical aspects of yielded seeds of faba bean plants.
Highlights
Chocolate spot disease caused by B. fabae is a wide spread disease, occurring in many regions of the world where broad bean is grown [1], causing losses ranging from minor to complete failure of crop
The present results revealed that the growth of shoot and root of faba bean plants were markedly inhibited by B. fabae infection
The present results showed that infection by B. fabae markedly decreased fresh and dry weights in roots of faba bean plants, and this may be related to the accumulation and action of phenolics produced from degradation of cell wall mainly via depolymerization resulting from fungal elicitors [25]
Summary
Chocolate spot disease caused by B. fabae is a wide spread disease, occurring in many regions of the world where broad bean is grown [1], causing losses ranging from minor to complete failure of crop. There are many seed-borne fungi, while a number of fungi are serious pathogens on flowers and maturing seeds. These pathogens reduce the yield of seed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The most common seed borne fungi listed on faba bean are: Ascochyta fabae, which causes leaf and pod spot; Botrytis cinerea, the cause of grey mould; B. fabae, the cause of chocolate spot; Fusarium sp., the cause of foot rot and wilt; and Rhizoctonia solani, the cause of damping-off of seedlings [2]
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