Abstract
Flow past a single-line arrangement of evenly-spaced row trees, in an open territory, was numerically simulated under the action of a boundary-layer type of oncoming flow, with a strength of “strong breeze”, based on the Beaufort scale. By selecting Koelreuteria henryi as the demonstrated tree species, the spatial wind speed variations behind row trees at the pedestrian level, at various tree heights and tree spaces, were analyzed to investigate the corresponding downstream shelter effects from a systematic basis. Based on the results of the analyses, the tendency of stream-wise wind speed variations behind the row trees was presented so as to provide additional insights into row-tree planning for protection against ground wind. Moreover, in other cases of row trees with similar crown shapes and properties, resulting flow fields for various tree heights and tree spaces can provide referable quantitative information, which can be readily used to conduct tentative shelter effect assessments and pedestrian comfort evaluations in a preliminary planning stage.
Highlights
Planting trees can improve the view of a landscape and affect local ground wind conditions
In addition to improving the view of a local landscape, the existence of trees can lead to a reduction in downstream near-ground wind speeds, improving the improving human comfort and can even improve safety in the context of gust of winds
The aims of this study were to explore the features of flows behind row trees, which are beneficial to understanding landscape planning regarding ground wind protections, and to assess downstream wind shelter effects due to changes in tree heights and tree spaces on a systematic basis
Summary
In other cases of row trees with similar crown shapes and properties, resulting flow fields for various tree heights and tree spaces can provide referable quantitative information, which can be readily used to conduct tentative shelter effect assessments and pedestrian comfort evaluations in a preliminary planning stage. In addition to improving the view of a local landscape, the existence of trees can lead to a reduction in downstream near-ground wind speeds, improving the improving human comfort and can even improve safety in the context of gust of winds. Landscape planners generally realize that both the local appearance and wind fields should be taken into account to determine the type of row-tree arrangement, an evaluation of the precise efficiency of ground wind reduction is considered to be difficult due to a lack of quantitative wind data to refer to.
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