Shell-model study of spin modes in nuclei and nuclear forces

Abstract

Spin-dependent modes in nuclei are studied by shell-model method with the use of new shell-model Hamiltonians which properly take into account important roles of tensor interactions. New Hamiltonians can describe spin degrees of freedom in nuclei remarkably well. Nuclear weak processes at stellar environments are investigated based on these successes. New neutrino-nucleus reaction cross sections on 12C are applied to light-element synthesis in supernova explosions. The production rate for 11B/7Li is pointed out to be useful to determine v-oscillation parameters, in particular, v-mass hierarchy. New e-capture rates in Ni isotopes are obtained and implications for element synthesis are discussed. The monopole-based universal interaction is applied to study structure of p-sd shell nuclei and 40Ar as well as v-induced reactions on 40Ar. Repulsive corrections in the isospin T=1 monopoles are shown to be important for proper shell evolutions in neutron-rich carbon isotopes. The repulsive correction is pointed out to be due to three-body forces, in particular, the Fujita-Miyazawa force. Roles of the three-body forces on the shell evolution of neutron-rich calcium isotopes, the closed- shell nature of 48 Ca and M1 transition in 48 Ca are studied on top of the two-body G-matrix obtained by including core-polarization effects in larger spaces (≤24ℏω). Effects of the inclusion of g9/2-shell are also discussed.