Abstract

The present work demonstrates a frequency reconfigurable planar antenna with narrowband and ultra-wideband (UWB) characteristics for cognitive radio systems. The designed antenna has a dimension of $60\times 58\times1.6$ mm3 with a ground plane made of nickel–titanium (Ni–Ti) shape memory alloy (SMA). The antenna operates at a flat condition with frequency 1.46 GHz. Bending the SMA ground plane at an angle of 200° with a transformation temperature of 66 °C. The same antenna operates over 3.4–10.2-GHz UWB range. This is due to the SMA phase transformation between martensite and austenite via resistive heating/cooling. The insertion of rectangular slits in the antenna creates dual band-notched characteristics 4.7–5.1 and 5.3–6.0 GHz with VSWR $S_{{11 {}}} dB. This creates a different working frequency leading to frequency reconfiguration. Details about the proposed antenna have been discussed along with measured and simulation results.

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