Abstract
This paper proposes a frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with air as substrate. The frequency reconfigurability has been achieved by means of the ON and OFF states of a combination of three PIN diodes that make the antenna operate in eight different states. Each state exhibits a different set of characteristics. The proposed antenna operates in S band. The antenna is fed by a coaxial feed that would provide an additional support to it along with the dielectric screws which will help the patch to suspend in air above the ground plane. The antenna finds its applications in Bluetooth, WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN, RFID, LTE, microwave ovens, medical diathermy machines, keyless vehicle locks etc. As compared to other reconfigurable antenna designs the proposed antenna is an economical alternative because of its air substrate. It also provides a range of resonant frequencies with stable radiation pattern, higher directivity and higher front to back lobe ratio.
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