Abstract
In 2021, the Chinese government issued a policy to ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education. This policy is also known as the "double reduction policy". This study will review the research on shadow education and parental participation and consider shadow education as a component of parental involvement in China. It also exemplifies the paradox between the act of reducing the burdensplaced on students by education policies and the intense competitiveness in exams, which is seen to be a key component of shadow education. Parents actively seek shadow education alternatives and are vocal about their dissatisfaction with the policy. This study will assist researchers in studying the implementation of the double reduction policy, understanding the worry and anxiety parents experience, and making recommendations for future policy modifications.
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