Abstract
The factor of sexual dimorphism is dominant in the ontogenetic formation of various organs and systems, in particular the respiratory organs, whose morpho-functional indicators have significant sex differences. The aim of this work is to establish the sex characteristics of spirographic normative indices in practically healthy young men and young women within the juvenile ontogeny period. Spirographic examination of 109 young women of the ontogeny adolescence was performed, including: 17-year-olds – 29; 18-year-olds – 27; 19-year-olds – 25; 20-year-olds – 28 people and 124 young men, including: 17-year-olds – 28; 18-year-olds – 37; 19-year-olds – 27; 20-year-olds – 32 people. Spirographic examination was performed according to the method of the American Association of Pulmonologists (1995) on the device Medgraphics Pulmonary Function System 1070 series. The analysis of the obtained results was carried out with the help of the licensing program “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric methods of estimation of indicators. It is established that the indicators of vital capacity of lungs, forced vital capacity, forced capacity of lungs on inhalation, maximal voluntary ventilation, forced expiratory flow rate respectively of 25 % of forced vital capacity, maximum peak expiratory flow, inspiratory capacity, expiratory reserve volume and one-second forced exhalation volume in young men each calendar year and the general group is significantly higher compared to the corresponding years of ontogeny in young women. The only spirometric indicator that is significantly higher for young women than for young men is the Tiffno Index. The revealed sex differences in the magnitude of spirometric parameters can be explained by the significant somatometric differences between the male and female body. Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that the vast majority of spirometric parameters in young men in all calendar periods of adolescence have higher rates than in young women. The most significant gender differences in the majority of spirometric parameters were identified in 18-year-olds.
Highlights
The factor of sexual dimorphism is dominant in the ontogenetic formation of different organs and systems
We found that the vital capacity index in 17-year-old young men was significantly greater than in 17-year-old young women (p
The value of the vital capacity index is significantly higher in the general group of young men than in the general group of young women (p
Summary
The factor of sexual dimorphism is dominant in the ontogenetic formation of different organs and systems. In this area, there are studies related to the determination of the sex differences of cardiovascular and parenchymal organs [8, 16, 18]. There has been an increasing number of epidemiological studies recently revealing gender differences in the prevalence and progression of respiratory diseases [5]. COPD in women differs from men in phenotype, symptomatology and comorbidities. Women are more likely to develop chronic bronchitis, have more severe shortness of breath and comorbidity about diseases of the nervous system, in particular depression [21]. COPD in women revealed less airway obstruction, but more
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