Abstract
The research study analyzed sewage water from Eagle Island Nkpolu-Oroworukwo community, Port Harcourt and its treatment with activated charcoal for its re-application. The water sample collected was analyzed experimentally for both untreated and treated samples to determine pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Solid, Total Hardness, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Phosphate (PO4), and Nitrate (NO3). Also, water quality index (WQI) and status of water was also investigated to know the quality of untreated and treated water sample by analyzing ten parameters based on the recommended standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigerian Industrial Standards (NIS) and Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) for water quality. The water quality index values for the untreated and treated samples are 108.213 and 40.024 respectively. The values of the water quality index showed that the untreated sewage water belongs to grade E, hence its unsuitability while that of the treated water sample showed a good quality water as it belongs to grade B that falls between the range of 25 – 50. Thus, water quality index is applied as a tool for comparing water quality of different sources and locations and sewage water treatment with activated charcoal in a packed column is an effective tool for sewage water treatment.
Highlights
Sewage or domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater is a kind of wastewater, which is generated within the community of people
The world health organization (WHO) limited discharge of effluent into surface water was adopted as Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) guidelines and the national interim effluent limited for discharge into surface water [2]
Pollution of surface and ground water can be accessed, the water sample treated yielded a low value of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) as compared with the standard value and the nutrients analysis yielded a low value of nitrate and phosphate compound, which shows that the treated water sample water does not possess eutrophication features as high nutrients (NO3 and PO4) level often recorded in water bodies is a reflection of direct discharge of pollutants among which domestic and wood wastes rank high directly into the creek [15]
Summary
Sewage or domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater is a kind of wastewater, which is generated within the community of people. The objectives of improving water quality of the 1970s have continued, but the main focus has shifted to the definition and treatment of toxic and trace compounds, which could cause long-term health issues and negative impacts on the environment. The aim of this research study is to analyze sewage water from Eagle Island Community, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt City Council, Rivers State, Nigeria to determine its contents and its treatment with activated carbon, to make the sewage water fit for reuse This aim will be achieved by evaluating the sewage water sample to determine its contents, its treatment by using activated carbon, deduction of sewage sample water quality index before and after sample treatment for environmentally friendly safe fluid waste stream
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