Abstract
Piophila casei has been reported repeatedly, but incorrectly, to have only a single spermatheca—an extremely rare condition in the higher flies. This error is based on the misinterpretation of the large sclerotized ventral receptacle as a single spermatheca combined with the failure to detect the two present but unsclerotized spermathecae. This misconception is of importance not only in the context of studies regarding recurrent trends in the evolution of the ventral receptacle. It also led to a set of erroneous character codings in a phylogenetic analysis of the family. To set the records straight, previous more accurate literature is revisited and the ventral receptacle of Piophila casei is described and illustrated in detail together with other aspects of the female reproductive tract such as the spermathecae, accessory glands, vagina, and anterior ventral vagina pouch.
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