Anatomy, Histology, and Post-larval Development of the Reproductive Systems of the Sugarbeet Root Maggot1, 2

Abstract

The anatomy, histology, and post-larval development of the ♂ and ♀ reproductive systems of the sugarbeet root maggot, Tetanops myopacformis (Röder) (Otitidae), are described. The ♂ system consists of the aedeagus, andrium, ejaculatory bulb and apodeme, 3 pairs of accessory glands, paired vasa deferentia, and paired testes. The reproductive system of T. myopaeformis males differs from other described acalypterate ♂ systems as follows: structure of andrial endoskeleton; bootshaped ejaculatory apodeme; 2 pairs of short bulbous accessory glands; and brown coiled testes. Spermatids are first evident 2 days post-pupariation with mature spermatozoa present in newly emerged adults. Most males are capable of mating 1–2 days postemergence. The ♂ reproductive system consists of a pseudo-ovipositor, vagina, bursa copulatrix, ventral receptacle, 3 spermathecae, paired accessory glands, common oviduct, paired lateral oviducts, and paired ovate ovaries. The reproductive system of T. myopaeformis females differs from other described acalypterate female systems as follows: type of sensilla near apex of ovipositor; presence of 2 ventral diverticula of the vagina, the bursa copulatrix and ventral receptacle; and 3 spermathecae present on 2 ducts. Vitellogenesis begins within 9 days post-pupariation and is not complete until 1–2 days postemergence. Most females are sexually mature and capable of oviposition within 2 days postemergence. During copulation the aedeagus coils transversely 1–2 times in the bursa copulatrix. Spermatozoa are transferred in bundles from the testis to the bursa copulatrix. The bundles break up shortly after entering the bursa copulatrix.