Abstract
Regardless of the excellent properties of glass ionomer cements, their poor mechanical properties limit their applications to non-load bearing areas. This study aimed to investigate the effect of incorporated short, chopped and randomly distributed flax fibers (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 25 wt%) on setting reaction kinetics, and mechanical and morphological properties of glass ionomer cements. Addition of flax fibers did not significantly affect the setting reaction extent. According to their content, flax fibers increased the compressive (from 148 to 250 MPa) and flexure strength (from 20 to 42 MPa). They also changed the brittle behavior of glass ionomer cements to a plastic one. They significantly reduced the compressive (from 3 to 1.3 GPa) and flexure modulus (from 19 to 14 GPa). Accordingly, flax fiber-modified glass ionomer cements could be potentially used in high-stress bearing areas.
Highlights
Due to their adhesive properties and anticariogenic action, conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been widely used with best clinical outcomes as liners, bases, and filling materials in low stress bearing areas as cervical cavities
Resin modified GICs (RMGICs) are an example of liquid modification that involve the addition of polymerizable hydrophilic monomers, such as 2hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), to the polyacrylic acid liquid of conventional GICs
The effect of flax fiber incorporation on setting, compressive and flexure properties of KetacTM Fil Plus glass ionomer restorative material has been investigated throughout this study
Summary
Due to their adhesive properties and anticariogenic action, conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been widely used with best clinical outcomes as liners, bases, and filling materials in low stress bearing areas as cervical cavities. A series of modifications to the GIC powder or liquid component have been attempted to improve their properties. Resin modified GICs (RMGICs) are an example of liquid modification that involve the addition of polymerizable hydrophilic monomers, such as 2hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), to the polyacrylic acid liquid of conventional GICs. Resin modified GICs (RMGICs) are an example of liquid modification that involve the addition of polymerizable hydrophilic monomers, such as 2hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), to the polyacrylic acid liquid of conventional GICs This modification improved the mechanical properties and resistance of GICs. The presence of uncured monomer, in RMGICs increased the concern about its biocompatibility with pulpal tissues[4,5,6]. Metal-reinforced GICs, as an example of powder modification, involve the addition of silver-amalgam alloy powder to conventional GICs powder; it increased the mechanical properties, reduced solubility, and induced radioopacity to GICs. Metal-reinforced GICs, ,
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