Abstract
Objective: Renal cell carcinoma is prone to early metastasis. In general, intraocular metastasis (IOM) is not common. In the present study, we studied the relationship between different biochemical indicators and the occurrence of IOM in renal cancer patients, and identified the potential risk factors.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 214 patients with renal cell carcinoma from October 2001 to August 2016 was carried out. The difference and correlation of various indicators between the two groups with or without IOM was analyzed, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of IOM in renal cancer patients. The diagnostic value of each independent related factor was calculated according to the receiver operating curve (ROC).Results: The level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in renal cell carcinoma patients with IOM was significantly higher than that in patients without IOM (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hemoglobin (Hb), serum calcium concentration, α fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA-125 etc. between IOM group and non-IOM (NIOM) group (P>0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that NSE was an independent risk factor for IOM in renal cell carcinoma patients (P<0.05). ROC curve shows that the factor has high accuracy in predicting IOM, and the area under the curve (AUC) is 0.774. The cut-off value of NSE was 49.5 U/l, the sensitivity was 72.2% and the specificity was 80.1%.Conclusion: NSE concentration is a risk factor for IOM in patients with renal cell cancer. If the concentration of NSE in the patient’s body is ≥49.5 U/l, disease monitoring and eye scans should be strengthened.
Highlights
Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignant tumors and is a common tumor of urinary system, the total incidence is approximately 3.39 [1]
A total of 214 renal cell carcinoma patients participated in the study, including male and female patients
We examined the levels of tumor markers and clinicopathological parameters in serum samples from patients with renal cell carcinoma and analyzed differences in parameters between patients with or without intraocular metastasis (IOM)
Summary
Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 3% of adult malignant tumors and is a common tumor of urinary system, the total incidence is approximately 3.39 [1]. The course of renal cell carcinoma is insidious, and 20–30% of patients have metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis [3]. The 5-year survival rate is less than 10%, and the median survival time is only 13 months [4]. The common way of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is through the vein or lymphatic system. Renal cell carcinoma often invades the veins, spreading to the lungs and to other tissues. The most prone to distant metastasis is the lung, which accounts for approximately 45%. The second is bone metastasis, which accounts for approximately 30%. The liver is closely followed, accounting for approximately 20%.
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