Abstract
BackgroundFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been described as a metabolic hormone critical for glucose and lipid metabolism. Previously, high levels of FGF21 were observed in patients with coronary heart disease and non-acute myocardial infarction (non-AMI). In this study, we investigated the changes in FGF21 levels in Chinese patients with AMI.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used ELISA to measure circulating FGF21 levels in 55 AMI patients and 45 non-AMI control patients on the 1st day after syndrome onset. All patients were followed-up within 30 days. FGF21 levels in AMI patients were significantly higher than those in non-AMI controls (0.25 (0.16–0.34) vs. 0.14 (0.11–0.20) ng/mL, P < 0.001). FGF21 levels reached the maximum within approximately 24 h after the onset of AMI and remained at high for 7 days, and the FGF21 level (OR: 16.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.65–108.05; P = 0.003) was identified as an independent factor associated with the presence of AMI. On the 7th day, FGF21 levels were significantly higher in the patients who subsequently developed re-infarction within 30 days than in the patients who did not develop re-infarction (with vs. without re-infarction: 0.45 (0.22–0.64) vs. 0.21 (0.15–0.29) ng/mL, P = 0.014).Conclusions/SignificanceThe level of serum FGF21 is independently associated with the presence of AMI in Chinese patients. High FGF21 levels might be related to the incidence of re-infarction within 30 days after onset.
Highlights
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a circulating hormone-like molecule secreted primarily by the liver that has been demonstrated to be a key metabolic regulator of glucolipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity [1,2]
We confirmed that circulating Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was increased in a statistically significant manner in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the acute status, in addition being elevated in patients with chronic CAD as shown previously [17]
We demonstrated that the serum FGF21 level was considerably higher on the 1st day after onset in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients than in non-AMI CAD patients and that it remained high for 7 days, the level was slightly lower by the 7th day when compared with that at the beginning
Summary
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is a circulating hormone-like molecule secreted primarily by the liver that has been demonstrated to be a key metabolic regulator of glucolipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity [1,2]. Human studies have indicated that serum levels of FGF21 were increased in obese people and in people with metabolic syndrome or diabetes mellitus [3,4]. The aforementioned studies have indicated that FGF21 might function as a critical metabolic hormone in the cardiovascular system. Investigating how FGF21 levels change in acute ischemic cardiovascular disease is of considerable interest. High levels of FGF21 were observed in patients with coronary heart disease and non-acute myocardial infarction (non-AMI). We investigated the changes in FGF21 levels in Chinese patients with AMI
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