Serum and salivary levels of albumin as diagnostic tools for oral pre-malignancy and oral malignancy

Abstract

The role of oxygen free radicals in the initiation, promotion and progression of carcinogenesis and the protective role of antioxidants has been a subject of much speculation. There are few studies that report evaluation of serum albumin and only one study in which salivary albumin was found and only one study that reports of salivary albumin in oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). We evaluated serum and salivary albumin levels in normal individuals, patients with oral pre-malignancy and patients with oral malignancy, and we compared serum and salivary albumin levels in patients with oral pre-malignancy and oral malignancy. Our study comprised 45 subjects separated into three groups of 15: normal healthy, oral pre-malignancy and oral malignancy patients. Venous blood was drawn and unstimulated saliva was collected early in the morning. Albumin levels were estimated using the bromocresol green method. Serum albumin levels decreased in oral pre-malignancy and oral malignancy cases compared to healthy individuals. Salivary albumin levels increased in oral pre-malignancy and oral malignancy cases compared to healthy individuals. Our results suggest that albumin may play a role in early diagnosis and prognosis of oral pre-malignant and oral malignant tissues.