Abstract
Background: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are involved in the initiation and promotion of the multistep carcinogenesis. In neoplastic conditions many biochemical substances many biochemical substances including albumin show altered values .The aim of the present study was to investigate whether serum and salivary albumin levels can be used as diagnostic tools in oral premalignant and malignant leisons. Methods: The study includes a total of 45 subjects with 15 each of normal healthy, pre-malignancy and malignancy. Five milliliter of venous blood was drawn and unstimulated saliva was collected in the early morning. Albumin levels were estimated by Bromocresol Green Method. Results: Serum albumin levels were found to decrease in pre-malignancy and malignancy as compared to healthy individuals. Salivary Albumin levels were increased in pre-malignancy and malignancy as compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: Tobacco consumption is one of the most important risk factors for the development of oral cancer. Burst of reactive oxygen species which cause oxidative stress in tobacco users is prime form of damage brought to the genetic material leading to non-lethal mutations causing pre-malignancy and malignancy. Serum protein has long been implicated to have anti-oxidant properties due to rich concentration of free thiol group. Albumin is a potent extracellular anti oxidant defense and a reliable marker of oxidative stress in the body. It could be helpful in the early identification of various oral pre malignancy and malignant leisons.
Highlights
Oral cancer is a major public health problem in Indian subcontinent
Group one consisted of 15 healthy individuals, Group two consisted of 15 patients diagnosed with leukoplakia, Group three consisted of 15 patients with clinically and histological diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are products of normal cellular metabolism produced in mitochondria
Summary
Oral cancer is a major public health problem in Indian subcontinent. It ranks among the top three types of cancer in the country. Oral cancer has much higher prevalence among the elderly people as compared to younger population. This might be result of age related increase in magnitude of the attack of free radicals including the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species causing various DNA mutation and/or, aberrations, and reduction in the body’s antioxidant defenses.[1] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) or oxygen free radicals are products of normal cellular metabolism[2,3,4]. Oxidative stress (OS) can be defined as an imbalance between the production of highly reactive molecular species and antioxidant defense systems. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are involved in the initiation and promotion of the multistep carcinogenesis. In neoplastic conditions many biochemical substances many biochemical substances including albumin show altered values .The aim of the present study was to investigate whether serum and salivary albumin levels can be used as diagnostic tools in oral premalignant and malignant leisons
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