Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is described as a tick-borne viral zoonosis highly prevalent in Africa, Asia, Russia and the Balkans within the distribution range of ticks that belong to the genus Hyalomma. This research aimed to verify the seroprevalence of CCHF in cows employing Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) in Mosul city / Iraq, to examine some epidemiological risk factors related to the incidence of CCHF. From October 2019 - September 2020, one hundred eighty-four blood samples were taken from 3-8-year-old cattle of both sexes, from several management systems and origins, from various parts in Mosul city, 10 ml of blood was taken from the jugular vein in test tubes without anticoagulant to obtain the sera for I-ELISA test, while epidemiological data were obtained by interviewing the farm-owners. I-ELISA was applied to detect the antibodies of CCHF in the serum. The overall seroprevalence of CCHF in cows was 40/184 (21.7%). As for the risk factors associated with increased seroprevalence of the disease, an increase in seroprevalence rates was observed at ages 6, 7 and 8 years 30.5%, among females 26.3% and imported animals 27.5%. which showed that the serological prevalence in indoor feeding and outdoor feeding, was not significantly different (p<0.05). This study concluded that there is a higher seroprevalence of CCHF in Mosul city along with many risk factors related to its incidence.
Highlights
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is associated with the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family
This research aimed to verify the seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in cows employing Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) in Mosul city / Iraq, to examine some epidemiological risk factors related to the incidence of CCHF
From October 2019 - September 2020, one hundred eighty-four blood samples were taken from 3-8-year-old cattle of both sexes, from several management systems and origins, from various parts in Mosul city, 10 ml of blood was taken from the jugular vein in test tubes without anticoagulant to obtain the sera for I-ELISA test, while epidemiological data were obtained by interviewing the farm-owners
Summary
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is associated with the Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family. It is responsible for this zoonotic disease in Africa, Asia, Europe and the Middle East [1]. But has since spread globally to places like Africa, Europe and Asia [8]. It is worsened by the asymptomatic infection or mild fever that the disease causes in domestic and wild vertebrates with a detectable viremia of up to 14 days [9,10]. Should there be any chance or inkling that diagnostic samples may be tainted with CCHF, careful handling according to appropriate biosafety standards and anyone handling the samples must know about the potential risk and use personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent human infections [12]
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