Seroprevalence and risk factors for peste des petits ruminants and selected differential diagnosis in sheep and goats in Tanzania

Emeli Torsson,Mikael Berg,Gerald Misinzo,Ida Herbe,Tebogo Kgotlele,Malin Päärni,Nils Roos,Anne-Lie Blomström,Karl Ståhl,Jonas Johansson Wensman

doi:10.1080/20008686.2017.1368336

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Livestock husbandry is critical for food security and poverty reduction in a low-income country like Tanzania. Infectious disease is one of the major constraints reducing the productivity in this sector. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important diseases affecting small ruminants, but other infectious diseases may also be present. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for exposure to PPR, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), bluetongue (BT), and bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) in sheep and goats in Tanzania. Methods: Serum samples were collected in 2014 and 2015, and analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect antibodies to the five pathogens. Results and discussion: This is the first description of seroprevalence of FMD and BT among small ruminants in Tanzania. Risk factor analysis identified sex (female) (OR for 2014: PPR: 2.49, CCPP: 3.11, FMD: 2.98, BT: 12.4, OR for 2015: PPR: 14.1, CCPP: 1.10, FMD: 2.67, BT: 1.90, BVD: 4.73) and increasing age (>2 years) (OR for 2014: PPR: 14.9, CCPP: 2.34, FMD: 7.52, BT: 126, OR for 2015: PPR: 8.13, CCPP: 1.11, FMD: 2.98, BT: 7.83, BVD: 4.74) as risk factors for exposure to these diseases.

Highlights

Livestock husbandry is critical for food security and poverty reduction in a lowincome country like Tanzania
Small ruminants play an important role in food security and livelihood resilience in many parts of the world [1], but there are several constraints reducing the productivity in this sector [2,3]
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is caused by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a highly contagious virus that gives rise to disease in sheep, goats, and camels and has been reported in wild ruminants [6]

Summary

Introduction

Livestock husbandry is critical for food security and poverty reduction in a lowincome country like Tanzania. Infectious disease is one of the major constraints reducing the productivity in this sector. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important diseases affecting small ruminants, but other infectious diseases may be present. Small ruminants play an important role in food security and livelihood resilience in many parts of the world [1], but there are several constraints reducing the productivity in this sector [2,3]. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important diseases affecting small ruminants worldwide [4,5]. PPR is caused by peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a highly contagious virus that gives rise to disease in sheep, goats, and camels and has been reported in wild ruminants [6]. Morbidity and case fatality rates vary and, depending on factors such as immune status, age, species, and presence of other co-infections, they can be as high as 90–100% [8]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion