Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate 295 wheat genotypes in Alpha-Lattice design with two replications. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of grain yield was 2706 and 950 (kg/ha),respectively. The results of correlation coefficients indicated that grain yield had significant and positive association with plant height, spike length, early growth vigor and agronomic score. Whereas there were negative correlation coefficients between grain yield and days to physiological maturity and canopy temperature before and during anthesis. Path analysis indicated agronomic score and plant height had high positive direct effects on grain yield, while canopy temperature before and during anthesis, and days to maturity, wes another trait having negative direct effect on grain yield. The results of sequential path analysis showed the traits that accounted as a criteria variable for high grain yield were agronomic score, plant height, canopy temperature, spike length, chlorophyll content and early growth vigor, which were determined as first, second and third order variables and had strong effects on grain yield via one or more paths. More important, as canopy temperature, agronomic score and early growth vigor can be evaluated quickly and easily, these traits may be used for evaluation of large populations.
Highlights
Grain yield in wheat is the results of a number of complex morphological and physiological processes affecting each other and occurring on different growing stage of vegetation period
The data referring to Tab. 3 showed agronomic score (AS), canopy temperature at anthesis (CTAA), thousand kernel weight (TKW), plant height (PLH), canopy temperature day before anthesis (CTBA) and days to physiological maturity (DMA) as first order predictor variables for response variable
The traits that accounted as a criteria variable for high grain yield were agronomic score, plant height, canopy temperature, spike length, chlorophyll content and early growth vigor, which were determined as first, second and third order variables and had strong effects on grain yield via one or more paths
Summary
Grain yield in wheat is the results of a number of complex morphological and physiological processes affecting each other and occurring on different growing stage of vegetation period. Studying the relationships between grain yield and yield components can be carried out by simple correlation and path analysis. Simple correlation was used to study the relationship between grain yield and yield component traits by some of researchers. Ghaderi et al (2009) indicated a significant positive association between grain yield and harvest index, biological yield, the number of spike per square meter. Leilah and AlKhateeb (2005) revealed that plant height, number of spikes per square meter, 100-grain weight, weight of grains per spike, harvest index and biological yield had significant positive correlation with grain yield. Kandic et al (2009) found highly significant correlations between grain yield and early vigor and total biomass per plant Simple correlation was used to study the relationship between grain yield and yield component traits by some of researchers. Ghaderi et al (2009) indicated a significant positive association between grain yield and harvest index, biological yield, the number of spike per square meter. Leilah and AlKhateeb (2005) revealed that plant height, number of spikes per square meter, 100-grain weight, weight of grains per spike, harvest index and biological yield had significant positive correlation with grain yield. Kandic et al (2009) found highly significant correlations between grain yield and early vigor and total biomass per plant
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