Genetic Analysis of Morphological Traits in Wheat Hybrids Based on the Additive-Dominance Model

Abstract

Present study carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications for determining additive, dominance and cytoplasmic effects on inheritance of yield and some of agro-morphological traits in bread wheat. The highest value of grain yield (265.5 g m–1) was obtained in p6. Dominance variance was larger than additive variance for grain-filling period (GFP), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), flag leaf exit (FLE), canopy temperature (CT), early growth vigor (EGV), grain length (GL) and thousand-grain weight (TGW). Whereas, the additive variance was larger than dominance one for days to heading (DH), days to maturity (DM), peduncle length (PL), SPAD and grain yield (GY). Therefore, for these traits selection in early breeding generations could be effective to bring positive changes in these traits. There were significantly positive additive effects (A) of P1 on GFP, CT, GL and TGW; of P3 on DH and DM; P4 on PL, FLE, SPAD and GY and of P6 on PH, SL and EGW. The crosses containing g3 × g4, g4 × g5 and g4 × g6 were indicated positive and significant heterosis for grain yield. P6 were desirable parent for reducing days to heading and maturity and increasing plant height, spike length and early growth vigor.