Sequential Circuit Design for Embedded Cryptographic Applications Resilient to Adversarial Faults

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In the relatively young field of fault tolerant cryptography the main research effort has focused exclusively on the protection of the data-path of cryptographic circuits. To date, however, we have not found any work that aims at protecting the control logic of these circuits against fault attacks, which thus remained as Achilles' proverbial heel. Motivated by an example of a hypothetical attack on an otherwise protected modular exponentiation engine we set out to close this remaining gap. In this paper we present guidelines for the design of t-fault resilient sequential control logic based on Error Detecting Codes (EDC). Our method allows to trade area overhead against fault resilience, and has the added benefit that the detection circuit does not add to the critical path.