Septated cystic tumors of the pancreas: Is it possible to treat them by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided intervention?

Abstract

Objectives. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided intervention has recently been tried in the treatment of cystic tumors of the pancreas. Factors that can influence the treatment response include cyst wall thickness and the presence of septation and mural nodules. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EUS-guided ethanol lavage with paclitaxel injection (EUS-EP) in the treatment of septated cystic tumors of the pancreas. Methods. Ten patients with oligolocular septated cystic tumors underwent EUS-EP and the treatment response was analyzed by measuring cyst volume before and more than 6 months after treatment. Results. The 10 patients comprised 7 women and 3 men, of mean age 38.4 years (range 22–54 years). Median tumor diameter was 29.5 mm (range 20–68 mm), while median tumor volume was 5.07 ml (range 1.51–68.74 ml). Median carcinoembryonic antigen and amylase concentrations in the cyst fluid were 39.2 ng/ml (range 1–8,190 ng/ml) and 115.5 U/L (range 5–75,633 U/L), respectively. Three tumors were diagnosed as mucinous cystic neoplasms, four as serous cystadenomas, and three as indeterminate cysts. Median tumor volume had decreased to 0.54 ml (range 0.00–12.42 ml). Complete resolution was achieved in six patients and partial resolution in two, whereas two patients had persistent cysts. Two patients with persistent cysts underwent surgical resection, and focal remnant neoplastic epithelial lining was observed on the resected specimens. Conclusions. EUS-EP resulted in complete resolution in 6 of 10 patients with septated cystic tumors. Careful patient selection and tailored intervention are required to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of this procedure.