Abstract
The Boleo leach solution contains large amounts of manganese (45 g/L), magnesium (25 g/L) and small amounts of cobalt (0.2 g/L) and zinc (1 g/L) in sea water. Due to the high manganese concentration, it is very difficult to separate cobalt and zinc from manganese, magnesium, and calcium using conventional solvent-extraction processes, which has led to the development of a synergistic solvent extraction (SSX) system consisting of Versatic 10 and LIX®63. By adding 0.4 M LIX 63 to 0.5 M Versatic 10, large synergistic shifts were obtained for cobalt (max. ΔpH50 4.24) and zinc (max. ΔpH50 1.62). After a single contact at pH 4.5, the extraction of cobalt was almost complete and that of zinc 80%. The extraction of manganese was 1.55%, and almost no magnesium and calcium were extracted, indicating excellent separation of cobalt and good separation of zinc from manganese, magnesium, and calcium. The SSX system was further optimized to reduce the co-extraction of manganese with the synthetic Boleo demonstration plant solution. It was found that with 0.33 M Versatic 10 and 0.30 M LIX 63, the SSX system composition approached optimum. After a single contact at pH 5.5, the extractions of cobalt and zinc were 93% and 70%, respectively, while the manganese concentration in the loaded organic solution was only 0.28 g/L. The extraction and stripping kinetics of cobalt and zinc were rapid. The SSX system was tested in two integrated pilot-plant trials with excellent results. Baja Mining has planned to implement the SSX circuit in their future Boleo plant.
Published Version
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