Separable elements in Weyl groups

Abstract

We define the notion of a separable element in a finite Weyl group, generalizing the well-studied class of separable permutations. We prove that the upper and lower order ideals in weak Bruhat order generated by a separable element are rank-symmetric and rank-unimodal, and that the product of their rank generating functions gives that of the whole group, answering an open problem of Fan Wei. We also prove that separable elements are characterized by pattern avoidance in the sense of Billey and Postnikov.