Sensory Processing Disorder and Its Effect on Children's Skills and Development in Autism Disorders, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disabilities: A Review Article

Abstract

Introduction Sensory processing is an important stage in performance during which the organization and interpretation of received messages is done, and finally the final decision is made. Development in an efficient sensory-perceptual-motor processing system plays an essential role in the successful execution of a task and learning, and a defect in skills may be related to one of the sensory systems and lead to functional problems. The aim of this study was to review the studies related to Sensory Processing Disorder in autism disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities. Methods and Materials: Using keywords (sensory processing disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficiency Hyperactivity Disorder, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Learning Disability), articles were searched in Elsevier, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases between 2000 and 2020. ResultsAccording to an inclusion and exclusion criterion, 41 articles focusing on sensory processing disorder in autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder and learning disorder were examined. This disorder is caused by damage to areas of the brain, including the white matter, and Sensory Modulation Disorder (SMD (is the most common type. In these people, usually, skills deficits make it difficult for the child to play the role, and the most common interventions among them are based on sensory integration. ConclusionAmong the four groups, sensory processing disorder is very common and can be the cause of many problems in their perceptual, motor, behavioral and academic skills.