Abstract
In this paper, differential microwave microfluidic sensor is optimized numerically to improve sensitivity. Two identical microfluidic channels are designed for differential measurement, one channel serves as reference, and another is used to characterize the injected liquid samples. The channel route, as well as several geometrical parameters, is optimized automatically using the developed chaotic particle-ant colony algorithm. A prototype of the optimized sensor is fabricated and tested with glycerol-water solutions and ethanol-water solutions. The reflection coefficients of two ports recorded by the network analyzer are used to calculate the cross-mode reflection coefficients. The measured high sensitivity of 5.001 dB per unit of relative permittivity validates the effectiveness and feasibility of the optimization approach in the optimal design of differential sensors.
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