Abstract
New herbicide options are needed for postemergence (POST) broadleaf weed control in adzuki bean. A field study, of five experiments, was conducted over a three-year period (2014, 2015, 2016) in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of adzuki bean to the POST application of acifluorfen (600 and 1200 g·ai·ha-1), fomesafen (240 and 480 g·ai·ha-1), bentazon (1080 and 2160 g·ai·ha-1), imazethapyr (100 and 200 g·ai·ha-1) and halosulfuron-methyl (75 and 150 g·ai·ha-1). Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 12% visible injury at the 1X rate and 20% visible injury at the 2X rate but had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield. Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1 and 28% visible injury at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate, except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%. Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1 and 34% visible injury at 200 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate except at 200 g·ai·ha-1 which delayed maturity slightly. Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury and reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively. This research concludes that acfluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, imazethapyr and halosulfuron at the rates evaluated can cause the significant injury in adzuki bean.
Highlights
Adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] is a niche market class of bean that is popular with growers in south-western Ontario [1] [2]
Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g∙ai∙ha−1 and 28% visible injury at 2160 g∙ai∙ha−1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate, except at 2160 g·ai·ha−1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%
This research concludes that acfluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, imazethapyr and halosulfuron at the rates evaluated can cause the significant injury in adzuki bean
Summary
Adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] is a niche market class of bean that is popular with growers in south-western Ontario [1] [2]. Most of the adzuki bean produced in Ontario is exported to Asia, in particular to Japan, where demand has been increasing steadily over the last few years [1] [2]. Adzuki beans have slow early growth and do not compete well with weeds which can cause substantial seed yield losses if not adequately controlled [4]. Few herbicide options are available for weed management in adzuki bean. New herbicide options must be found for the control of broadleaf weeds in adzuki bean
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