Abstract
The low-frequency sensitivity limitation provided by internal 1/f amplifier noise is eliminated by employing lock-in detection. Since low frequency noise spectral analysis commonly uses digital processing and fast Fourier transform techniques, it is convenient to use digital lock-in detection as well. A simple digital lock-in amplifier based on an Apple IIe personal computer is capable of detecting signals many orders of magnitude below the internal l/f noise of a PAR (Princeton Applied Research) 113 amplifier.
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