Abstract
In this paper, a sensitive constrained integer linear programming approach is formulated for the optimal allocation of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) in a power system network to obtain state estimation. In this approach, sensitive buses along with zero injection buses (ZIB) are considered for optimal allocation of PMUs in the network to generate state estimation solutions. Sensitive buses are evolved from the mean of bus voltages subjected to increase of load consistently up to 50%. Sensitive buses are ranked in order to place PMUs. Sensitive constrained optimal PMU allocation in case of single line and no line contingency are considered in observability analysis to ensure protection and control of power system from abnormal conditions. Modeling of ZIB constraints is included to minimize the number of PMU network allocations. This paper presents optimal allocation of PMU at sensitive buses with zero injection modeling, considering cost criteria and redundancy to increase the accuracy of state estimation solution without losing observability of the whole system. Simulations are carried out on IEEE 14, 30 and 57 bus systems and results obtained are compared with traditional and other state estimation methods available in the literature, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Highlights
State estimation plays a vital role in real-time control of power system providing security and reliability
Using bus constraint vector matrix and bus connectivity matrix, zero injection modeling is framed in sensitive constrained ILP to optimize Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) allocation in the network
Redundancy Index (RI) measures the observability of each bus of the system covered under PMUs
Summary
State estimation plays a vital role in real-time control of power system providing security and reliability It acts as a filter between the received information and application functions that need reliable data. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems are used to collect the raw data (bus voltage magnitudes, currents and complex power flows) of the transmission network and this data is processed for state estimation solution. This information is not sufficient to estimate the accurate states of voltage and phase angles at every bus in the system. This absolute reference is provided by common timing signal by high accuracy clocks to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) such as Global Positioning
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