Sensitive and Rapid Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Anticancer Drugs

Abstract

Sensitive, rapid, and simple spectrophotometric methods were developed for determination of the anticancer drugs vinblastine sulfate (VBS) and vincristine sulfate (VCS), which belong to the class of vinca alkaloids. The first method is based on the reaction of VBS and VCS with diazotized dapsone, forming yellow azo products with absorption maxima at 430 nm. The colored species obey Beer's law in the concentration range of 0.5-24 microg/mL for VBS and 0.5-12 microg/mL for VCS. The second method describes the reaction of VBS and VCS with iron(III) and subsequent reaction with ferricyanide in hydrochloric acid medium to yield blue products with absorption maxima at 750 nm. The Beer's law range for this method is 0.1-4 microg/mL for VBS and 0.5-10 microg/mL for VCS. With both methods, colored species were stable for 1 h. The methods are simple and reproducible and are applied for determination of VBS and VCS in pharmaceutical formulations. Commonly encountered pharmaceuticals added as excipients do not interfere in the analysis and the results obtained in the analysis of dosage forms agree well with the labeled contents.