Semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation with d-dimensional GHZ states* *Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0805100) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. PA2020GDGP0052).

Abstract

A novel efficient semi-quantum private comparison protocol based on the d-dimensional GHZ states is proposed. With the assistance of semi-honest third party, two classical participants can compare the size relation of their secretswithout any information leakage. To reduce the consumption of quantum devices, the qubit efficiency of our protocol isimproved by introducing the semi-quantum conception via the existing semi-quantum privatecomparisons. Furthermore,it is unnecessary to prepare the secure classical authentication channel among participants in advance. It is shown that our protocol is not only correct and efficient, but also free from external and internal attacks.