Semantic compatibility of phraseological units: accompanying words and satellite words

Abstract

The article describes the semantic collocability of Russian phraseological units. The main indicators of the combinability of phraseological units have been studied. The different views of linguists on idiom collocability are valence. Phraseologism does not exist without an environment, isolated, therefore, in the limit of inaccuracies, it is necessary to delimit the words included in the phraseological unit from those that go beyond its scope and environment. Accompanying words included in the obligatory environment of a phraseological unit clarify its semantics and combined properties, and satellite words are also present in the environment of a phraseological unit, but already more distant from it, optional, the scope of the Russian language and are once again found on various compatibility possibilities subject to it. Accompanying phraseological units that are closer in terms of identification, they can be called "comrades", assistants in the implementation of the meanings of phraseological units. Companion words are more distant from phraseological units than accompanying words, words of the environment, which, when used with separate phraseological units, reveal our semantics to a greater extent. The author found out that with the development of polysemy and abstractness of the semantics of accompanying words, their gradual convergence with the components and blurring of the boundaries between phraseological units can occur. Sometimes a satellite word can become a constant companion of a phraseological unit and, as a result, move into the category of accompanying words. Accompanying words and satellite words are a necessary part of a phraseological unit and a dictionary entry of a modern phraseological dictionary of any type. Both traditional and educational dictionaries should not only offer an explanation of the meaning of an unknown word or expression, but also show how to use it correctly in speech. As the title implies the article describes.