Self-templated synthesis of bifunctional Fe 3O 4@MgSiO 3 magnetic sub-microspheres for toxic metal ions removal

Abstract

Bifunctional Fe 3O 4@MgSiO 3 sub-microspheres with superparamagnetic property and high affinity toward metal ions were successfully synthesized via a solvothermal method using Fe 3O 4@SiO 2 as a self-template, and well characterized by means of TEM, XRD, FT-IR, VSM and N 2 adsorption isotherms. The as-prepared Fe 3O 4@MgSiO 3 sub-microspheres were then assessed as the adsorbent for Pb 2+ removal in water, and various factors influencing the adsorption of Pb 2+ were investigated including pH, equilibrium time and initial metal ion concentration. The results indicated that Fe 3O 4@MgSiO 3 sub-microspheres had a mean diameter of 220 nm and high superparamagnetic cores, which endowed them with useful magnetic responsivity. Moreover, the large specific surface was beneficial for their strong affinity toward toxic metal ions. The pseudo-second-order equation could describe well the adsorption kinetics with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb 2+ was calculated to be 242.1 mg/g based on Langmuir model. Furthermore, the as-prepared Fe 3O 4@MgSiO 3 showed an acceptable reusability using NaOH or Mg 2+ solution as the desorbing agent. All information gives an indication that the as-prepared sub-microspheres show their potential as the adsorbent for highly efficient removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater.