Abstract
For the past generation ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ storage ring colliders, we usually used natural bunch length or its impedance lengthened value in beam-beam simulations instead of considering the impedance directly. In the future colliders, such as FCC-ee and CEPC, the beam-beam interaction becomes essentially three dimensional. In order to increase the luminosity, the future accelerators will collide very intense beams of high energy with low emittances and small beta functions at the collision points exploiting the crab waist collision scheme with a large Piwinski angle. For these extreme parameters several new effects become important for the collider performance such as beamstrahlung, coherent X-Z instability, 3D flip-flop so that the longitudinal beam dynamics should be also treated in a self-consistent manner. In this paper we describe the numerical code for the self-consistent 3D beam-beam simulations including beamstrahlung and the longitudinal beam coupling impedance and study interplay of different effects arising in beam-beam collisions of the future colliders.
Highlights
The beam-beam interaction in storage rings has been studied since 1960
In order to reach the high luminosity, both colliders are expected to use the crab waist collision scheme with a large Piwinski angle relying on collisions of very intense multibunch beams of high energy with low emittances and small betatron functions at the interaction point
The longitudinal dynamics is nearly not affected by beam-beam interaction
Summary
The beam-beam interaction in storage rings has been studied since 1960 (see [1], as an example). In order to reach the high luminosity, both colliders are expected to use the crab waist collision scheme with a large Piwinski angle relying on collisions of very intense multibunch beams of high energy with low emittances and small betatron functions at the interaction point. For these extreme parameters several new effects become important for the collider performance such as beamstrahlung [20], coherent X-Z instability [21] and 3D flip-flop [22].
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